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- # compression
-
- [![NPM Version][npm-image]][npm-url]
- [![NPM Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
- [![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-url]
- [![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
-
- Node.js compression middleware.
-
- The following compression codings are supported:
-
- - deflate
- - gzip
-
- ## Install
-
- This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the
- [npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the
- [`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally):
-
- ```bash
- $ npm install compression
- ```
-
- ## API
-
- <!-- eslint-disable no-unused-vars -->
-
- ```js
- var compression = require('compression')
- ```
-
- ### compression([options])
-
- Returns the compression middleware using the given `options`. The middleware
- will attempt to compress response bodies for all request that traverse through
- the middleware, based on the given `options`.
-
- This middleware will never compress responses that include a `Cache-Control`
- header with the [`no-transform` directive](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-5.2.2.4),
- as compressing will transform the body.
-
- #### Options
-
- `compression()` accepts these properties in the options object. In addition to
- those listed below, [zlib](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html) options may be
- passed in to the options object.
-
- ##### chunkSize
-
- The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_CHUNK`, or `16384`.
-
- See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning)
- regarding the usage.
-
- ##### filter
-
- A function to decide if the response should be considered for compression.
- This function is called as `filter(req, res)` and is expected to return
- `true` to consider the response for compression, or `false` to not compress
- the response.
-
- The default filter function uses the [compressible](https://www.npmjs.com/package/compressible)
- module to determine if `res.getHeader('Content-Type')` is compressible.
-
- ##### level
-
- The level of zlib compression to apply to responses. A higher level will result
- in better compression, but will take longer to complete. A lower level will
- result in less compression, but will be much faster.
-
- This is an integer in the range of `0` (no compression) to `9` (maximum
- compression). The special value `-1` can be used to mean the "default
- compression level", which is a default compromise between speed and
- compression (currently equivalent to level 6).
-
- - `-1` Default compression level (also `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION`).
- - `0` No compression (also `zlib.Z_NO_COMPRESSION`).
- - `1` Fastest compression (also `zlib.Z_BEST_SPEED`).
- - `2`
- - `3`
- - `4`
- - `5`
- - `6` (currently what `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION` points to).
- - `7`
- - `8`
- - `9` Best compression (also `zlib.Z_BEST_COMPRESSION`).
-
- The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION`, or `-1`.
-
- **Note** in the list above, `zlib` is from `zlib = require('zlib')`.
-
- ##### memLevel
-
- This specifies how much memory should be allocated for the internal compression
- state and is an integer in the range of `1` (minimum level) and `9` (maximum
- level).
-
- The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_MEMLEVEL`, or `8`.
-
- See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning)
- regarding the usage.
-
- ##### strategy
-
- This is used to tune the compression algorithm. This value only affects the
- compression ratio, not the correctness of the compressed output, even if it
- is not set appropriately.
-
- - `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY` Use for normal data.
- - `zlib.Z_FILTERED` Use for data produced by a filter (or predictor).
- Filtered data consists mostly of small values with a somewhat random
- distribution. In this case, the compression algorithm is tuned to
- compress them better. The effect is to force more Huffman coding and less
- string matching; it is somewhat intermediate between `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY`
- and `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY`.
- - `zlib.Z_FIXED` Use to prevent the use of dynamic Huffman codes, allowing
- for a simpler decoder for special applications.
- - `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY` Use to force Huffman encoding only (no string match).
- - `zlib.Z_RLE` Use to limit match distances to one (run-length encoding).
- This is designed to be almost as fast as `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY`, but give
- better compression for PNG image data.
-
- **Note** in the list above, `zlib` is from `zlib = require('zlib')`.
-
- ##### threshold
-
- The byte threshold for the response body size before compression is considered
- for the response, defaults to `1kb`. This is a number of bytes or any string
- accepted by the [bytes](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bytes) module.
-
- **Note** this is only an advisory setting; if the response size cannot be determined
- at the time the response headers are written, then it is assumed the response is
- _over_ the threshold. To guarantee the response size can be determined, be sure
- set a `Content-Length` response header.
-
- ##### windowBits
-
- The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_WINDOWBITS`, or `15`.
-
- See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning)
- regarding the usage.
-
- #### .filter
-
- The default `filter` function. This is used to construct a custom filter
- function that is an extension of the default function.
-
- ```js
- var compression = require('compression')
- var express = require('express')
-
- var app = express()
- app.use(compression({ filter: shouldCompress }))
-
- function shouldCompress (req, res) {
- if (req.headers['x-no-compression']) {
- // don't compress responses with this request header
- return false
- }
-
- // fallback to standard filter function
- return compression.filter(req, res)
- }
- ```
-
- ### res.flush
-
- This module adds a `res.flush()` method to force the partially-compressed
- response to be flushed to the client.
-
- ## Examples
-
- ### express/connect
-
- When using this module with express or connect, simply `app.use` the module as
- high as you like. Requests that pass through the middleware will be compressed.
-
- ```js
- var compression = require('compression')
- var express = require('express')
-
- var app = express()
-
- // compress all responses
- app.use(compression())
-
- // add all routes
- ```
-
- ### Server-Sent Events
-
- Because of the nature of compression this module does not work out of the box
- with server-sent events. To compress content, a window of the output needs to
- be buffered up in order to get good compression. Typically when using server-sent
- events, there are certain block of data that need to reach the client.
-
- You can achieve this by calling `res.flush()` when you need the data written to
- actually make it to the client.
-
- ```js
- var compression = require('compression')
- var express = require('express')
-
- var app = express()
-
- // compress responses
- app.use(compression())
-
- // server-sent event stream
- app.get('/events', function (req, res) {
- res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/event-stream')
- res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-cache')
-
- // send a ping approx every 2 seconds
- var timer = setInterval(function () {
- res.write('data: ping\n\n')
-
- // !!! this is the important part
- res.flush()
- }, 2000)
-
- res.on('close', function () {
- clearInterval(timer)
- })
- })
- ```
-
- ## License
-
- [MIT](LICENSE)
-
- [npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/compression.svg
- [npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/compression
- [travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/expressjs/compression/master.svg
- [travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/expressjs/compression
- [coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/expressjs/compression/master.svg
- [coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/compression?branch=master
- [downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/compression.svg
- [downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/compression
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